Al Masmak Fortress is a significant historical site situated in the heart of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Built in 1865, this clay and mud-brick fort stands as a testament to Saudi Arabia's storied past and has played a pivotal role in the country's unification. The fortress was the site of the famous 1902 raid led by Abdulaziz Al Saud, which ultimately led to the formation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Now converted into a museum, Al Masmak Fortress offers visitors a glimpse into Saudi Arabia's rich heritage. The museum showcases artifacts, photographs, and audiovisual presentations that narrate the history of the Kingdom and the fort's importance. Its crenellated towers and thick walls remain impressively preserved, allowing tourists to explore the traditional architecture and interior rooms, which include the grand council hall and courtyards. The fortress is not only a cultural attraction but also an educational resource, helping visitors understand the significant events that shaped the nation.