Karnataka is a state in the southwestern region of India, known for its rich heritage, diverse linguistic and cultural ethnicities, and for its natural, coastal, and interior beauty. It's bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Telangana to the northeast, Andhra Pradesh to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the south. The state's geography ranges from the lush greenery of the Western Ghats, which receive substantial rainfall, to the arid regions of the Deccan plateau in the east. Karnataka boasts of a 320 km long coastline, dotted with numerous beaches, and UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as Hampi and Pattadakal. Bengaluru (formerly Bangalore), the capital city, is a technological hub known for its modernity and nightlife, juxtaposed with historical landmarks. The state is also known for its wildlife sanctuaries, coffee estates, and palaces such as the Mysore Palace. With a rich history that includes the powerful Vijayanagara Empire and the rule of Tipu Sultan, Karnataka is a tapestry of cultures and history.
