Bihar is a state in the eastern part of India, bordered by Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Bengal to the east, Jharkhand to the south, and Uttar Pradesh to the west. The state spans an area of approximately 94,163 square kilometers and is the 13th largest state by area in India. Bihar is also the third-largest by population. The Ganges River, which is sacred to Hindus, flows from west to east and is the lifeline of the region, with its fertile plains supporting a strong agricultural sector. The state's history is very rich; it was once the center of power, learning, and culture in ancient and classical India. Bihar is the birthplace of Buddhism and Jainism and has heritage sites such as Bodh Gaya, where Lord Buddha attained enlightenment, and the ancient university of Nalanda. The state's capital city is Patna, which has historical significance as it was known as Pataliputra in ancient times and was the capital of various Indian empires. Nowadays, Bihar is making strides in development but still faces challenges like economic development, education, and healthcare.
