The Shore Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the most iconic landmarks of Mahabalipuram. This structural temple complex dates back to the 8th century and is a testament to the Pallava dynasty's architectural prowess. Carved from granite, the complex consists of three shrines, with the main deity being Lord Shiva. It overlooks the Bay of Bengal, offering a picturesque view that becomes especially dramatic during sunrise and sunset. Visitors can marvel at the intricate carvings on the walls depicting various mythological episodes. The surrounding manicured gardens enhance the serene ambiance, making it a must-visit for history buffs and photography enthusiasts.
Pancha Rathas, or the Five Chariots, are a spectacular example of monolithic Indian rock-cut architecture. Located on the southern edge of Mahabalipuram, these structures are named after the five Pandavas and Draupadi from the epic Mahabharata. Each 'Ratha' is carved from a single piece of stone and they resemble temple chariots, showcasing styles that were never completed or consecrated. This architectural wonder provides insight into the evolution of Dravidian temple design. Visitors can stroll around these structures, observing the unique styles, and the sculpted animals alongside. The vast history and the craftsmanship involved in the creation of these monoliths are sure to leave a lasting impression on its audience.
Arjuna's Penance, also known as the Descent of the Ganges, is an enormous open-air rock relief carved on two boulders in Mahabalipuram. The intricately detailed panel measures approximately 30 meters in length and 7 meters in height, depicting a collection of celestial beings, animals, and humans all moving towards a common point. It is believed to represent either Arjuna's penance to obtain Lord Shiva's weapon or the story of the sacred river Ganges descending to earth. The natural cleft between the boulders is often interpreted as the Ganges river itself. This masterpiece of Indian art perfectly illustrates the dexterity of the Pallava sculptors and the vivid storytelling of Hindu mythology.
Krishna's Butterball is a gravity-defying natural rock boulder situated on a slope in Mahabalipuram. The 6-meter wide boulder stands on a slippery slope and seems to be precariously balanced, defying all laws of physics. Local legends say that it represents a dollop of butter that Lord Krishna would steal. This curious natural phenomenon has become a much-photographed attraction and a must-see for visitors. Despite numerous attempts by humans and natural forces, the boulder remains firmly fixed and is a conversation starters about the mysteries of nature. Tourists are often seen posing for pictures, trying to push the massive stone, adding a fun element to the serious sightseeing tour.
Mahabalipuram Beach is famous for its golden sand, rolling surf, and a rocky shoreline adorned with sculptures. Being less crowded, it is an ideal destination for those looking to relax by the sea or enjoy a peaceful sunset. The beach is also a great spot for activities like sunbathing, fishing, and windsurfing. Additionally, it serves as a vantage point for viewing the Shore Temple against the backdrop of the ocean. For the more adventurous, there are options for boat rides that offer a different perspective of the ancient town and its heritage structures. A stroll along the beach is perfect for those who want to take a break from history and simply enjoy the scenic beauty of Mahabalipuram's coastline.
The Mahabalipuram Lighthouse offers panoramic views of the entire town and the coastline. It stands on the hill adjacent to the Olakkannesvara Temple and has been operating since 1904. Visitors can climb up to the top of the lighthouse for a nominal fee and sip in the sight of the Bay of Bengal and the ancient Pallava monuments dotting the landscape. The lighthouse is unique due to its construction using natural stones and also houses the India's National Coast Guard station. Its historical significance and the exhilarating climb make it a worthwhile visit for tourists and photography enthusiasts, especially in the late afternoons when the setting sun bathes the town in golden hues.
The Varaha Cave Temple is a rock-cut temple dating back to the 7th century attributed to the Pallava King Narasimhavarman I. It features a hall with four rock-cut pillars and a central sanctum. The most prominent sculptures depict Varaha lifting the Earth Goddess, and other panels represent various Hindu gods such as Durga and Gajalakshmi. This temple, while smaller than others in Mahabalipuram, impresses with its detailed iconography and the depth of its carvings. The temple provides a quiet spot for visitors to revel in the ancient carvings and appreciate the artistry of Pallava sculptors.
The Mahishasuramardhini Mandapa is a rock-cut temple portraying the battle between Goddess Durga and the buffalo-demon, Mahishasura. The cave temple is decorated with large relief panels displaying Durga as a warrior goddess. The opposite wall of the temple shows Lord Vishnu in a reclining posture. This place is another fine example of the extraordinary craftsmanship of Pallava artists. The symmetry and the dramatic themes in the carvings are a viewer's delight. Visitors to this sanctuary are treated to a vivid representation of these legends, making it an important stop on the historical circuit of Mahabalipuram.
Located just outside Mahabalipuram, Tiger Cave is a rock-cut Hindu temple complex, believed to be constructed around the 8th century. It gets its name from the carvings of heads of a tiger on the mouth of a cave which appear to be guarding the deity within. The temple complex is an offbeat location and a paradise for history enthusiasts, as it's less crowded compared to other sites in Mahabalipuram. The complex is surrounded by greenery and is close to the coast, providing visitors with a relaxed atmosphere to explore the sculptures and carvings at their own pace.
The Sculpture Museum in Mahabalipuram houses an impressive collection of more than 3,000 sculptures made by the local artisans. This museum not only helps preserve the art forms that Mahabalipuram is famous for, but it also provides visitors with a deeper understanding of the skill involved in stone and wood carving. The museum showcases sculptures ranging from gods and goddesses to beasts and abstract forms. For those looking to take a piece of Mahabalipuram's incredible talent back home, the museum has a shop where small replicas and other handicrafts can be purchased.
Hill Stations (2)
Beaches (13)
Religious Places (66)
Historical Places (37)
Museums (14)
Wildlife Sanctuaries (6)
National Parks (3)
Villages (2)
Zoos (3)
Mountains (1)
Island (1)
Gardens (7)
Waterfalls (4)
Dams (3)
Lakes (2)
