Phanom Rung Historical Park is a majestic temple complex located in the province of Buriram, in the region of Issan, northeastern Thailand. The site has been a focal point for religious ceremonies and local visitors for centuries, but it was not until the 20th century that it began to gain significant recognition and visitation on an international scale.
Starting in the 1970s, the Thai government began restoration efforts led by the Department of Fine Arts to preserve and highlight the importance of the ancient Khmer architecture at Phanom Rung. It opened to the public as a historical park in 1988, with official status granted for its cultural heritage significance. As its fame grew, the number of visitors—both domestic and international—increased, partly due to better accessibility and rising interest in historical and cultural tourism.
By the end of the 20th century, Phanom Rung had firmly established itself on the global tourism map, with its main draw being the annual festival that celebrates the sunrise alignment phenomenon when the sun shines through all fifteen sanctuary doorways. This event, which occurs four times a year, showcases the outstanding astronomical and architectural ingenuity of the Khmer Empire and attracts photographers, architecture enthusiasts, and cultural explorers from around the world.
In recent years, the tourism trend at Phanom Rung has shifted to emphasize sustainable and educational travel experiences. Visitors are increasingly seeking out opportunities to engage with the local community, learn about the historical significance of the Khmer Empire's architectural achievements, and understand the role of Hinduism and Buddhism in shaping the region's culture.
Eco-friendly tours and activities have also gained popularity, with many choosing to explore the surrounding natural landscapes in ways that minimize environmental impact. Tour operators and accommodations nearby are beginning to offer services and experiences that promote responsible tourism practices and support the conservation of the site.
Social media has also played a significant role in the latest tourism trends at Phanom Rung. Stunning photos of the temple complex, especially during the alignment festivals, are frequently shared across platforms like Instagram and Facebook, enticing a new generation of travelers to discover the wonders of this ancient site.
Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies are also being explored to enhance visitor experiences, allowing those who cannot physically be present to partake in a virtual tour of the historical park.
Overall, Phanom Rung remains a cherished jewel in Thailand's rich tapestry of cultural landmarks, with its tourism trends evolving alongside advances in technology and a growing global consciousness around the importance of cultural preservation and sustainable travel.
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