Located in the modern-day country of Turkmenistan, the city of Merv holds a place of great historical and cultural significance, with foundations that trace back to the 3rd millennium BC. Merv's rich history positions it as a jewel along the ancient Silk Road, bridging the East and West. Among its numerous ruins, the Greater Gyz Gala and Lesser Gyz Gala stand out as emblematic landmarks.
The Greater and Lesser Gyz Galas, often referred to as the Great and Small Gyz Kala, are remnants of ancient fortresses within the archaeological park of Merv. Dating from the 6th or 7th century, these structures provide a glimpse into the early Islamic period, although some evidence suggests pre-Islamic origins. The Gala's distinctive undulating walls have made them an iconic sight and sparked curiosity among historians, archaeologists, and tourists alike.
Merv has long attracted visitors with an interest in history and architecture. The tourism industry, however, took a more formal shape in the 20th century, particularly after Turkmenistan's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then, the country has been developing its tourism sector, highlighting Merv as a premier destination for those interested in the Silk Road's legacy. In 1999, UNESCO recognized Merv as a World Heritage Site, amplifying its appeal as a travel destination.
In recent years, cultural tourism has become a prevalent trend, with visitors seeking to immerse themselves in the history and traditions of their destinations. Ecotourism and adventure tourism are also gaining momentum worldwide, encouraging the exploration of new geographies in a sustainable manner. Within Turkmenistan, Merv serves as a focal point for educating visitors on the rich tapestry of human civilization and its evolution over centuries.
Emerging trends in tourism at Merv include guided tours that delve deep into the site’s history, including visits to the Gyz Galas, the Mausoleum of Sultan Sanjar, and other noteworthy ruins. Ensuring the conservation of these treasures while providing a rich educational experience has become a priority.
When planning a visit to Merv, and specifically to the Greater and Lesser Gyz Gala, tourists are encouraged to prepare for the arid climate and to respect the ancient site. Booking a knowledgeable tour guide is recommended for insight into the complex history and architecture of these structures.
With each passing year, Turkmenistan continues to develop its infrastructure, hoping to welcome a growing number of international tourists. Visiting the Greater and Lesser Gyz Gala provides not only a walk through a pivotal chapter in human civilization, but also an unforgettable journey into the heart of Central Asia's storied past.
Religious Places (2)
Historical Places (22)
Museums (2)
