Barmer is a city in the western part of Rajasthan state in India. It constitutes the administrative headquarters of the Barmer district and is situated near the border with Pakistan. The city is known for its rich cultural heritage, historical significance, and arid landscapes. Embracing the Thar Desert, the region is characterized by sandy terrain, extreme temperatures, and scanty rainfall. Historically, Barmer was a princely state named after its founder ruler Bahada Rao, popularly known as Bar Rao, which eventually came to be called Barmer—'Bar' meaning 'withstand' and 'Mer' meaning 'the land.' The region is also famed for its traditional folk music, dance forms such as the Kalbeliya dance, and crafts including wood carving, pottery, and intricately embroidered fabrics. Barmer regularly hosts the Barmer festival, showcasing the local culture, music, and festivities. The economy of Barmer largely depends on agriculture, handloom industries, and more recently, the discovery of oil fields has bolstered economic prospects.