Erbil, also spelled Arbil or Irbil, is the capital and most populous city of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It has a rich history dating back over 5,000 years and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Erbil is known for its historic citadel, diverse culture, and as a gateway for tourists exploring the Kurdistan region.
The main attractions include the Erbil Citadel, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the historic Qaysari Bazaar, the Sami Abdulrahman Park, the Jalil Khayat Mosque, and several museums such as the Kurdistan Textile Museum and the Erbil Civilization Museum.
As of the knowledge cutoff in 2023, Erbil is considered relatively safe for tourists, especially when compared to other parts of Iraq. However, travelers should always check their own country's travel advisories, remain vigilant, and be aware of the security situation, as it can change.
The best time to visit Erbil is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is mild and pleasant for sightseeing.
Visa requirements for Erbil, within the Kurdistan region, may differ from the rest of Iraq. Many nationalities can obtain a visa on arrival at Erbil International Airport for tourism purposes. However, visitors should verify the latest visa requirements from official sources before traveling.
Credit cards are accepted at major hotels, restaurants, and shops in Erbil. ATMs are also available, but it's advisable to carry some cash, as smaller establishments and local bazaars may not accept cards.
The currency used in Erbil, as in the rest of Iraq, is the Iraqi Dinar (IQD).
The official languages of the Kurdistan region, including Erbil, are Kurdish and Arabic. However, English is widely spoken in the tourism sector.
Visitors to Erbil should try traditional Kurdish dishes such as Dolma (stuffed grape leaves), Biryani (a spiced rice dish), Kebab, and Kofta (meatballs), as well as various yogurts, cheeses, and flatbreads.
When visiting religious sites, dress modestly and remove shoes when required. It's customary to greet people with a handshake and say 'hello' in Kurdish ('Silav') or Arabic ('Salam'). Additionally, during the month of Ramadan, eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight hours is discouraged.
