Traveling to Erbil, the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan, is accessible by various modes of transport, such as air, road, and potentially rail in the future.
Erbil International Airport (EBL) is the main gateway for international travelers into the city. The airport is well-served by several international airlines, including Turkish Airlines, Qatar Airways, Lufthansa, and more, which offer direct and connecting flights to and from a variety of destinations around the world.
For those in nearby regions, Erbil is accessible by road. Travelers can enter the Kurdistan region of Iraq at various border points from Turkey, Iran, and Syria. It is important to check the security situation and visa requirements before planning your trip.
While there is no operational railway in Kurdistan yet, there might be developments in the future that could provide an additional option for reaching Erbil.
Most foreign nationals require a visa to enter Iraq, but the Kurdistan region operates a slightly different entry system. Many nationalities can obtain a visa on arrival at Erbil International Airport for a stay within the Kurdistan region. It is critical to confirm visa requirements before your trip, as policies may change.
Once in Erbil, local transportation options include taxis, rental cars, and ride-hailing services. It's advisable for visitors to negotiate taxi fares in advance or ensure the driver uses the meter to avoid overcharging. For greater flexibility, consider renting a car, but remember that local driving conditions and customs may differ from what you are used to.
In case of any emergency, you can contact the local police at 104, the fire department at 115, and medical emergencies at 122.
