Nestled at an altitude of 4,590 meters (15,060 ft) above sea level, Kunzum Pass acts as the gateway to the Spiti Valley from Lahaul and is a significant high-altitude pass in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The pass is renowned not just for its breathtaking natural beauty but also for its spiritual significance, with a temple dedicated to the goddess Kunzum Devi located at the summit, which many travelers and devotees visit to seek blessings for a safe journey.
The history of tourism in Spiti Valley, with Kunzum Pass as a focal point, is relatively young, mainly opening up to outsiders after India's independence. In the early days, this region was traversed by traders, pilgrims, and the occasional brave explorers. The rugged and harsh terrain made it a less frequented destination until the late 20th century. However, it has always held a sense of intrigue for those interested in Buddhism, adventure, and geological studies.
The construction of roads in the 1960s, such as the one connecting Manali to Kaza via Kunzum Pass, marked the beginning of a new era in the Spiti Valley tourism landscape. Although the pass remains open only a few months a year due to heavy snowfall, it has become popular among adventure tourists and pilgrims alike.
Tourism in Spiti Valley and around Kunzum Pass started gaining momentum in the 1990s when travel enthusiasts and nature lovers began to seek out less-trodden paths in the Himalayas. The Indian government and various travel agencies started promoting the Trans-Himalayan regions as new frontiers for high-altitude treks and cultural tourism.
The last two decades have seen a surge in the number of visitors, driven by the increased reach of the internet, better road connectivity, and the global rise in adventure tourism. Despite its remote location, a growing number of travellers are drawn to Kunzum Pass for its pristine environment, the challenge of high-altitude trekking, and the unique cultural experience of visiting the monasteries and villages of Spiti Valley.
With evolving tourist interests, the latest trends in Kunzum Pass tourism include responsible and sustainable travel practices. There has been a noticeable increase in eco-friendly accommodations and local community-run homestays that offer immersive experiences.
The trend of motorcycle tourism has also gained popularity in recent years, with the pass being a highlight on the route for bikers across India and the world. Additionally, the rise of digital nomadism has seen travelers looking for remote working destinations, with Spiti Valley catching the eye for those who wish to work amidst the serene Himalayas.
Tourism, while beneficial for the local economy, poses environmental risks to the fragile ecosystems of the high Himalayas. Conservation efforts are being made by the government and non-profit organizations to promote sustainable tourism practices that minimize ecological footprints.
Furthermore, initiatives like the Spiti Ecosphere aim to create livelihoods that are intertwined with conservation, and education for locals and tourists on the importance of preserving the natural and cultural heritage of this unique region.
For those planning a visit, it's important to note that Kunzum Pass is typically open from June to early October, depending on the snow conditions. The closest village, Kaza, offers the nearest accommodation options and amenities for travelers. As this destination gains popularity, travelers are encouraged to be sensitive to the environment and support sustainable tourism initiatives.
